Toward a Learning/Instruction Process Model for Facilitating the Instructional Design Cycle

Many instructional design models have been proposed and their benefits are evident. However, there is lack of a common and formal notation to describe the product of the design. This causes difficulty in evaluating the product (the course) in the development. To eliminate the difficulty, we need a formal framework which has enough semantics for keeping the consistency of the product. Thus, this work aims at proposing a unified modeling framework for learning and instruction based on ontologies that has the potential to support some phases of instructional design. Furthermore, we give an example of how one-to-one instruction and collaborative learning are modeled on the proposed framework.